Dengue fever, often referred to as "breakbone fever," is a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes and is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. The primary vector responsible for its transmission is the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is most active during daylight hours.

Symptoms

Most dengue infections are mild or asymptomatic, with recovery occurring within one to two weeks. However, when symptoms do appear, they typically develop 4–10 days after infection and last between 2–7 days. These symptoms may include:

• High fever (up to 40°C/104°F)
• Severe headache
• Pain behind the eyes
• Muscle and joint pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Swollen glands
• Skin rash

A second infection with a different dengue virus serotype increases the risk of severe dengue, which can lead to more serious complications.

Severe Dengue Symptoms

Severe dengue often manifests after the initial fever subsides and may include:

• Intense abdominal pain
• Persistent vomiting
• Rapid breathing
• Bleeding from the gums or nose
• Fatigue and restlessness
• Blood in vomit or stool
• Extreme thirst
• Pale, cold skin
• Generalized weakness

Anyone experiencing these severe symptoms should seek immediate medical attention. Even after recovery, some individuals may feel fatigued for weeks.

Treatment

There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever. Management focuses on symptom relief, including adequate hydration and pain management. Mild cases can often be treated at home with rest, fluids, and pain relievers such as paracetamol. However, hospitalization may be required for severe cases to provide intravenous fluids and supportive care.

Prevention

Dengue prevention focuses on reducing mosquito populations and minimizing the risk of mosquito bites. Effective strategies include:

• Eliminating standing water where mosquitoes breed
• Using insect repellents
• Installing window and door screens
• Wearing protective clothing, such as long sleeves and pants

Vaccination

Vaccination offers an additional layer of protection against dengue. UbudCare Clinic provides the dengue vaccine to help reduce the risk of severe infection. If you are in a high-risk area or planning to travel to dengue-endemic regions, consult our healthcare professionals about vaccination options.

source:

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

https://ayosehat.kemkes.go.id/topik/demam-berdarah-dengue